In adulthood, the average blood pressure varies by age and sex:
| Old | Women | Men |
|---|---|---|
| 18–39 years | 110/68 mmHg | 119/70 mmHg |
| 40–59 years | 122/74 mmHg | 124/77 mmHg |
| 60+ years | 139/68 mmHg | 133/69 mmHg |
How age affects blood pressure
The risk of developing high blood pressure (hypertension) increases significantly with age. Here are the reasons:
- Stiffer arteries: As you age, your arteries lose some elasticity. This can restrict blood flow, which in turn increases blood pressure.
- Plaque formation: Over time, fatty deposits can accumulate in the blood vessels, further restricting blood flow and increasing pressure.
- Hormonal and kidney changes: With increasing age, the regulation of the body’s fluid and salt balance can change, which in turn affects blood pressure.
These changes make high blood pressure one of the main risk factors for heart attacks, strokes, and vascular dementia in older adults.
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